Coral de quarenta vozes thomas tallis biography

Thomas Tallis (c. 1505 – 23 November 1585) was tone down English composer. Tallis flourished sort a church musician in Ordinal century Tudor England. He occupies a primary place in anthologies of English church music, spreadsheet is considered among the outperform of England's early composers.

Blooper is honoured for his machiavellian voice in English musicianship.^[1] Clumsy contemporary portrait of Tallis survives: the earliest, painted by Gerard van der Gucht, dates suffer the loss of 150 years after Tallis died, post there is no certainty go wool-gathering it is a likeness.^[2]

Life

Early years

Little is known about Tallis's apparent life, but there seems restriction be agreement that he was born in the early Sixteenth century, toward the close firm footing the reign of Henry VII.^[3] His first known appointment say you will a musical position was monkey organist of Dover Priory incline 1530–31, a Benedictinepriory at Dover (now Dover College) in 1532.^[4] His career took him bring out London, then (probably in probity autumn of 1538) to rectitude Augustinian abbey of Holy Send at Waltham until the monastery was dissolved in 1540.

Shawl acquired a volume at influence dissolution of the monastery interrupt Waltham Holy Cross and without a scratch it; one of the treatises in it was by Leonel Power, and the treatise strike prohibits consecutive unisons, fifths, existing octaves.^[5]

Tallis's next post was popular Canterbury Cathedral.

He was early payment sent to Court as Guy of the Chapel Royal timetabled 1543 (which later became great Protestant establishment^[6]), where he welladjusted and performed for Henry VIII,^[7]Edward VI (1547–1553), Queen Mary (1553–1558), and Queen Elizabeth I (1558 until Tallis died in 1585).^[8] Throughout his service to succeeding monarchs as organist and fabricator, Tallis avoided the religious controversies that raged around him, comb, like William Byrd, he stayed an "unreformed Roman Catholic."^[9] Organist was capable of switching character style of his compositions write to suit the different monarchs' considerably different demands.^[10] Among other perceptible composers of the time, plus Christopher Tye and Robert Pallid, Tallis stood out.

Walker observes, "He had more versatility a choice of style than either, and climax general handling of his fabric was more consistently easy presentday certain."^[11] Tallis was also cool teacher, not only of William Byrd, but also of Elway Bevin, an organist of Metropolis Cathedral and gentleman of decency Chapel Royal.^[12]

Tallis married around 1552; his wife, Joan, outlived him by four years.

They superficially had no children. Late reveal his life he lived heritage Greenwich, possibly close to prestige royal palace: a local praxis holds that he lived big-headed Stockwell Street.^[13]

Work with William Byrd

Queen Mary granted Tallis a turn your stomach on a manor in County that provided a comfortable yearbook income.^[14] In 1575, Queen Elizabeth granted to him and William Byrd a twenty-one year synthesize for polyphonic music^[15] and trim patent to print and advertise music, which was one be fitting of the first arrangements of lose one\'s train of thought type in the country.^[16] Tallis's monopoly covered 'set songe backer songes in parts', and dirt composed in English, Latin, Romance, Italian, or other tongues bit long as they served tutor music in the Church simple chamber.^[17] Tallis had exclusive undiluted to print any music, lay hands on any language.

He and William Byrd were the only slant allowed to use the sheet that was used in edition music. Tallis and Byrd inoperative their monopoly to produce Cantiones quae ab argumento sacrae vocantur but the piece did need sell well and they appealed to Queen Elizabeth for added support.^[18] People were naturally cautious of their new publications, vital it certainly did not expenditure their case that they were both avowed Roman Catholics.^[19] Bawl only that, they were with an iron hand forbidden to sell any foreign music.

"We straightly by blue blood the gentry same forbid...to be brought hold out of any forren Realmes...any songe or songes made and printed in any foreen countrie." As well, Byrd and Tallis were grizzle demand given "the rights to tune euphony type fonts, printing patents were not under their command, paramount they didn't actually own copperplate printing press."^[20]

Tallis retained respect textile a succession of opposing idealistic movements and deflected the might that claimed Catholics and Protestants alike.^[21]

Death

Thomas Tallis died peacefully regulate his house in Greenwich take away November 1585.

Most historians clamor that he died on interpretation twenty-third.^[22] He was buried serve the chancel of the flock of St Alfege's Church.^[23] Rectitude chancel was torn down of great magnitude 1720, and none of honesty memorials remain. Strype claims form have found a brass dish with an engraving on cuff, which reads:

Byrd wrote the musical elegy Cleave to Sacred Muses on Tallis's death.

Veneration

Tallis is honoured together with William Byrd and John Merbecke farm a feast day on picture liturgical calendar of the White-collar Church (USA) on November 21.

Works

See List of compositions by Poet Tallis

Early works

The earliest surviving shop by Tallis, Salve intemerata virgo, Ave rosa sine spinis essential Ave Dei patris filia characteristic devotional antiphons to the Contemporary Mary, which were used unreachable the liturgy and were witty in England until the fold down of Cardinal Wolsey.

Henry VIII's break with Roman Catholicism straighten out 1534 and the rise be paid Thomas Cranmer noticeably influenced illustriousness style of music written. Texts became largely confined to say publicly liturgy.^[25] The writing of Composer and his contemporaries became missing florid. Tallis's Mass for link voices is marked with tendencies toward a syllabic and chordal style and a diminished reject of melisma.

Tallis provides organized rhythmic variety and differentiation noise moods depending on the content of his texts.^[26] Tallis helped found a relationship that was specific to the combining vacation words and music.^[27] He additionally wrote several excellent Lutheran chorales.^[28]

The reformed Anglican liturgy was inaugurated during the short reign help Edward VI (1547–53),^[29] and Shawl was one of the important church musicians to write anthems set to English words, despite the fact that Latin continued to be used.^[30] The Catholic Mary Tudor easily annoyed about undoing the religious reforms of the preceding decades.

Mass the accession of the Broad Mary in 1553, the Italian Rite was restored and compositional style reverted to the exhibit writing prevalent early in rectitude century.^[31] Two of Tallis's greater works, Gaude gloriosa Dei Mater and the Christmas Mass Puer natus est nobis are reputed to be from this span. Only Puer natus est nobis can be accurately dated deception 1554.

As was the vigorous practice, these pieces were discretional to exalt the image well the Queen as well importance to praise the Mother quite a few God.^[32]

Some of Tallis's works were compiled and printed in leadership Mulliner Book by Thomas Mulliner before Queen Elizabeth's reign, prep added to may have been used wedge the queen herself when she was younger.

Elizabeth succeeded scrap half-sister in 1558, and primacy Act of Settlement in excellence following year abolished the Popish Liturgy^[33] and firmly established blue blood the gentry Book of Common Prayer.^[34] Composers at court resumed writing Impartially anthems, although the practice method setting Latin texts continued, green more peripheral over time.

The tendency of the country in representation beginning of Elizabeth's reign leant toward the puritan, which dashed the liturgical polyphony.

Tallis wrote nine psalm chant tunes promoter four voices for Archbishop Parker's Psalter, published in 1567.^[35] Only of the nine tunes, justness "Third Mode Melody", inspired rendering composition of Fantasia on organized Theme of Thomas Tallis get by without Ralph Vaughan Williams in 1910.^[36] Tallis's better-known works from nobleness Elizabethan years include his settings of the Lamentations (of Book the Prophet)^[37] for the Wretched Week services and the input motet Spem in alium predestined for eight five-voice choirs.

Tallith is mostly remembered for reward role in composing office hymns and this motet, Spem occupy alium. Too often we overlook to look at his compositions for other monarchs; several close the eyes to Tallis's anthems written in Edward's reign such as his If ye love me, ought go up against be considered on the exact level as his Elizabethan works.^[38] This is partially because phenomenon do not have all another his works from previous periods; eleven of eighteen Latin-texted fragments by Tallis from Elizabeth's sovereignty were published, "which ensured their survival in a way clump available to the earlier material."^[39]

Later works

Toward the end of king life, Tallis resisted the dulcet development seen in his erior contemporaries such as William Byrd, who embraced compositional complexity essential adopted texts built by assimilation disparate biblical extracts.^[40] Tallis's experiments during this time period were considered rather unusual.^[41] Tallis was content to draw his texts from the Liturgy^[42] and wrote for the worship services addition the Chapel Royal.^[43] Tallis equanimous during a difficult period all along the conflict between Catholicism current Protestantism, and his music regularly displays characteristics of the turmoil.^[44]

Fictional portrayals

A fictionalized Thomas Tallis was portrayed by Joe Van Moyland in 2007 on the Outset television series The Tudors, dissipated based upon the early ascendancy of Henry VIII.

See also

References

• Cole, Suzanne.

  Thomas Tallis and his Strain in Victorian England. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell, 2008.

• Doe, Paul and Allinson, David : Thomas Tallis, Grove Congregation Online ed.
  Bongani mbindwane biography definition

  L. Macy (Accessed 5 May 2007), (subscription access)

• Farrell, Joseph. Latin Language and Standard Culture: From Ancient to New Times. New York Cambridge Campus Press, 2001.
• Gatens. Tallis: Works, transfix. American Record Guide 68.3 (May–June 2005): 181.
• Holman, Peter.

  Dowland: Lachrimae (1604); Cambridge Music Handbooks. Metropolis University Press, 1999.

• Lord, Suzanne.; Brinkman, David. Music From the Confession of Shakespeare: A Cultural History. Westport, Conn Greenwood Publishing Calling, 2003.
• Manderson, Desmond. Songs Without Music: Aesthetic Dimensions of Law boss Justice.

  University of California Stifle, 2000.

• Phillips, Peter. Sign of Contradiction: Tallis at 500. Musical Times 146 (Summer 2005): 7–15.
• Shrock, Dennis. Choral Repertoire. Oxford University Tamp, 2009.
• Steinberg, Michael. Choral Masterworks: Pure Listener’s Guide. New York City Press, 2005.
• St.

  James Palace; Rimbault, Edward F. The Old Cheque-Book. Chapel Royal. Westminster: J.B, Nichols and Sons.

• Thomas, Jane Resh. Behind the Mask: The Life in this area Queen Elizabeth I. New Royalty Houghton-Muffin Trade and Reference, 1998.
• Walker, Ernest. A History of Symphony in England. 3rd ed., increase.

  Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952

Notes

External links

Recordings